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Browsing by Author "Zambrano Colmenares, Antonio"

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    Caracterización de los compuestos químicos obtenidos al emplear ácido acético como agente lixiviante en el tratamiento hidrometalúrgico de pilas Ni-MH desechadas
    (Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2018) Zambrano Colmenares, Antonio; Díaz Salaverría, Jeaniscar; Delvasto Angarita, Pedro
    Introduction. Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) batteries usually end up in municipal landfills after their useful life, which may release Ni, a potential toxic element, and rare earth elements which can react with water and release hydrogen.Objective. Recover the metals (Ni, Co y La) contained in the electrode material of spent Ni-MH batteries, as organic salts, using vinegar as a leaching agent in a hydrometallurgical treatment. Materials and methods. Electrodes from a sample of spent Ni-MH batteries were leached separately with a 5% v/v acetic acid solution (commercial vinegar). The pregnant liquor was subjected to an evaporation/crystallization process at 70°C for 24 h. The products were characterized by the following techniques: atomic spectroscopy (AS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results. It is possible to recover 40% of the Ni from anodic material and about 45% of Ni from the cathodic material. Nickel, cobalt and lanthanum acetates were detected in the anodic product; and nickel, cobalt and potassium acetates were detected in the cathodic product. Conclusion. Because these salts are typically used in the ceramics, textile and agricultural industries, the proposed hydrometallurgical treatment could be used for the valorization of the electrode material from spent Ni-MH batteries.
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    Valorización hidrometalúrgica de los materiales catódicos y anódicos de baterías recargables gastadas de tipo Ni-MH
    (Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2015-08-03) Zambrano Colmenares, Antonio; Romero Briceño, Carlos Humberto; Moccia Paradisi, Alberto; Orta Rodríguez, Raúl Evencio; López Sanz, José Luis; Delvasto Angarita, Pedro
    Introduction. Used batteries are considered as dangerous substances of the technological waste kind. They contain heavy metals, which are harmful for ecosystems and health. This paper introduces a technology to process, by means of hydrometallurgy, the materials contained in used batteries from the hydride metallic type (NiMH). Objective. Value the cathodic and anodic materials from used batteries from the (Ni-MH) type, by the use of hydrometallurgical lixiviation and salts precipitation processes. Materials and Methods. A 3,7 kg batch of this kind of batteries was manually dissembled and the cathodic and anodic materials were separated and chemically analyzed. The materials were lixiviated with HCL at 14 %. The pregnant liquors, in each case, were subjected to a precipitation process with NaHCO3 , obtaining salts from the metals of interest. Results.The anode mainly contains nickel (50 % m/m), lanthanum (18 % m/m) and cobalt (6 % m/m) and the cathode mainly contains nickel (53 % m/m), cobalt (4 % m/m) and zinc (3 % m/m). The HCL solution was able to lixiviate approximately 87 % and 91% of Ni in the anodic and the cathodic materials, respectively. Finally, the process flowcharts are showed in order to establish a hydrometallurgical process route for this type of technological waste. Conclusion. It is possible to use a metallurgical process with several stages to value the metals contained in the electrode materials from Ni-MH batteries, obtaining metallic salts that can be used in several industrial processes.