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Browsing by Author "Cabrera Jaramillo, Azucena"

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    Current Evidence About the Role of Animals in the Transmission of Sars-Cov-2: Implications for Public Health.
    (Unilasallista Corporación Universitaria, Editorial Lasallista, 2022) Cabrera Jaramillo, Azucena; González Álvarez, Dubán; Upegui, Santiago; Gutiérrez Ramírez, Luz Adriana; Posada, Silvia; Forero, Diego A
    The SARS-CoV-2 is the denomination of the new betacoronavirus, which was discovered and isolated for the first time in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019, and it is the causal agent of the sanitary emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic. Experimental studies have shown susceptibility to infection in pets (dogs and cats). Objective: To present the current information available on SARS-CoV-2 in animals under the care of humans that have been officially reported in the sanitary registries of the World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) of the World Organization for Animal Health. Materials and methods: We conducted a narrative review using Medline/ PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and official documents of the World Organisation for Animal Health. The search terms used were as follows: “coronavirus”, “SARS coronavirus 2019”, “SARS-CoV”, “SARS-CoV-2 in dog and/or cat” “pets SARS-CoV-2”. Results: The studies reviewed in this manuscript highlight those positive cases in cats and dogs for SARS-CoV-2 have been associated with an exposure to positive COVID-19 people. In the available evidence, 55.17 % of the total cases of animals that were positive for SARS-CoV-2 were associated with people with COVID-19 who had the disease at home, possibly due to maintaining a longer exposure to the humans. Conclusion: Regarding the zoonotic aspects, it is important to clarify that although several animal species have been infected by SARSCoV- 2, none of them has been scientifically proven to represent a risk of direct transmission between positive animals and other humans or to play an epidemiological role in the disease.
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    Determinación de mercurio divalente en proteínas cárnicas que constituyen la dieta de los pobladores de 12 localidades en un municipio minero de la subregión del Bajo Cauca, Antioquia.
    (Unilasallista Corporación Universitaria, Editorial Lasallista., 2022) Cadavid Muñoz, Natalia; González Álvarez, Dubán; Cabrera Jaramillo, Azucena; Arango Ruiz, Álvaro de Jesús; Soto Ospina, Alejandro
    Las regiones en donde se presenta la minería aluvial de manera informal implican elevados niveles de mercurio en el entorno y, a su vez, graves afectaciones en la salud pública. El mercurio divalente se encuentra en solución acuosa en ríos y lagos, por tanto, las altas concentraciones de mercurio en los peces se deben a la cantidad de reacciones que se pueden generar en el entorno, por el contrario, para animales terrestres se relaciona directamente en el consumo de alimentos contaminados. Objetivo: evaluar la contaminación por mercurio en su forma divalente (Hg2+) en muestras de pescado, cerdo y pollo de la región minera del municipio El Bagre, Antioquia. Metodología: Se recolectaron muestras de cerdo, pollo y pescado en doce sitios rurales de El Bagre, Antioquia. La cuantificación del mercurio divalente (Hg2+) se realizó a través de un cromatógrafo de gases Trace 1300 acoplado a un espectrómetro de masas Thermo Fisher TSQ 8000 de triple cuadrupolo (GC-MS). Resultados: se encontraron diferencias en términos estadísticos en la concentración de mercurio divalente en matrices de proteína y la localidad. La proteína de cerdo no mostró resultados significativos. En cuanto a la matriz pollo se encontró la mayor concentración (288,63±1004,3 μg/g) y variabilidad (CV: 347,95%). En la matriz pescado se encontró la mayor concentración promedio en 5,037 μg/g y la menor en 0,702 μg/g, es decir que la concentración de mercurio divalente en pollo es mucho mayor en comparación con la encontrada en pescado. No obstante, el comportamiento no es generalizado en todas las localidades. Conclusión: en las matrices proteicas se encontraron concentraciones elevadas de mercurio divalente que se relaciona con la localidad de la muestra, pues existe la presencia de minería ilegal. Además, se evidencia un riesgo latente en el ámbito de la toxicología de los seres vivos.
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    Evaluación del estado actual de zarigüeyas (Didelphismarsupialis) en tres zonas del Valle de Aburrá
    (Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2017) Cabrera Jaramillo, Azucena; Galeano Román, Andrea; Mazabel Riera, Elsa Cristina; Quintana Diosa, Lizeth Elena; Monsalve Buriticá, Santiago
    Objective. Opossum populations (Didelphismarsupialis) were characterized in an ecotourism area in Santa Elena, district of the city of Medellín and in the periurban and urban areas of the city of Caldas, Antioquia; using phototraps. Materials and methods. 7 Moultrie Game Spy® cameras were placed to determine relative abundance index (RAI) and rotated every three weeks. Baits were used to make observation easier. Results. For the Santa Elena district the sampling effort was 360 days / trap, in which 22 photographs of the species were obtained. Didelphismarsupialis had a total RAI of 0.18; of which 0.06 represented its abundance in the native forest and the remaining value was part of the area with pine trees. For the peri urban zone of the city of Caldas the sampling effort was 679 days / trap. The species Didelphismarsupialis had a total RAI of 0.4; which represents an approximate number of 26 individuals at the Santa Inés practice center. In the urban area of the city of Caldas it was not possible to establish this pattern. Conclusion. The study indicates that despite the transformation of the peri urban area in the Aburrá Valley it is possible to find elements representative of its peri urban mammals, even in small private reserves. The Didelphidae family has adapted to highly modified ecosystems, even in areas with invasive species such as exotic monocultures of exotic species, livestock pastures and anthropic transformation given by the fragmentation of forests, however these marsupials are forced to migrate locally to changes in the microclimate of forest fragments.