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Browsing by Author "Silva Arroyave, Sandra Milena"

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    Fortalecimiento del desempeño ambiental empresarial, a través del programa de producción más limpia y consumo sostenible del Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá
    (Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2010) Cardona Pareja, Raúl Alexander; Flórez López, Luz Matilde; Silva Arroyave, Sandra Milena; Arango Pérez, Isabel Cristina
    The cleaner production policy (1997) promoted the development of a strategy in Colombia, in order to identify the best practices in the processes to reduce risks on human health and the environment, according to the commitments achieved in the Earth Summit (1992). After more than ten years of applying the cleaner production policy in Colombia (1997-2009) important advances have been achieved, among which the generation of demonstrative projects, the creation of Centro Nacional de Producción Más Limpia, 5 regional nodes and environmental windows, 67 cleaner production agreements countrywide and the application of tax reductions to promote environmental investment can be remarked. In a regional context, and as a pioneer institution on the subject, Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá´s cleaner production and sustainable consumption program has, in 2010, 182 companies from several sectors as beneficiaries, increasing the participation of companies in 27,87% in the last four years. Before the new sustainable production and consumption policy was established (2010), Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá has been making diagnoses, training and socialization on the subject, aiming to strengthen the corporative performance under environmental terms and acknowledge the advances in sustainable consumption to guarantee competitiveness and sustainability. del Valle de Aburrá ya viene realizando actividades de diagnóstico, capacitación y socialización del tema, con miras a fortalecer el desempeño ambiental empresarial y reconocer los adelantos en temas de consumo sostenible, para garantizar la competitividad y la sostenibilidad.
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    Implementación de Buenas Prácticas Ambientales para reducir las emisiones atmosféricas aportadas por el transporte público colectivo y de carga en el Valle de Aburrá
    (Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2010) Cardona Pareja, Raúl Alexander; Flórez López, Luz Matilde; Silva Arroyave, Sandra Milena; Arango Pérez, Isabel Cristina
    Introduction. It is a vital matter for the Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá to make alliances with the region´s economy sectors, in order to work on strategies to help to improve environmental quality in the zone and to have a responsible management of na tural resources. Therefore, the Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá has been executing projects that not only inform and create consciousness among those people and sectors involved, but also to create sustainable development, keeping in mind the social difficulties and the obligation to minimize harmful environmental impacts related to economic activities. As transportation is one of the priority sectors to decontaminate the Aburrá Valley, a continuous and consistent work has been done by means of technical and mechanical diagnoses, advisory and a follow up to 1000 vehicles with a weight above 3,5 tons and activated by diesel, and to 5800 buses that circulate in the Aburrá Valley. This is done in order to have a base which can allow environmental authorities to diagnose weaknesses and strengths under environmental terms. Objective. To implement best practices for the environment and to execute strengthening and follow up actions for the cleaner production plan in the public passengers and cargo transportation at the Aburrá Valley, in such a way that a reduction of this sector´s emissions is achieved. Materials and methods. Environmental follow up activities were made in companies that previously had diagnoses concerning the subject, aiming to give them advice for the implementation of cleaner production strategies, maintenance plans and courses about environmental laws, among other topics. Opacity tests were practiced at the beginning of the project and after developing activities for the environmental consolidation in the companies that use public transportation diesel vehicles for passengers and cargo. Results. From the total number of cargo vehicles revised (2309) 56,6% meets the opacity limits, while a 43,4% was rejected. From public vehicles for passengers’ transportation, 70,37% was within the limits and 29,63% was out of the rank. Conclusions. Both passengers and cargo public transportation vehicles evidenced that an urgent necessity to implement preventive and correction maintenance programs exists, and also that a culture of prevention must be consolidated. A lack of garages, tools and maintenance machinery is remarked, and also a lack of people trained to make such maintenance in the companies. There is a partial or total ignorance among the owners and drivers about the failures and minimum requirements of their vehicles, plus wrong driving practices and problems with the maintenance made by third parties. In general, it can be said that cargo transporters are open minded about the cleaner production programs Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá impulse, but passengers´ transporters resist a change that must be made in order to achieve an environmental improvement.