Valorización hidrometalúrgica de los materiales catódicos y anódicos de baterías recargables gastadas de tipo Ni-MH
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Date
2015-08-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Corporación Universitaria Lasallista
Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá
Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá
Abstract
Introduction. Used batteries are considered as dangerous substances of the technological waste kind. They
contain heavy metals, which are harmful for ecosystems and health. This paper introduces a technology to process,
by means of hydrometallurgy, the materials contained in used batteries from the hydride metallic type (NiMH).
Objective. Value the cathodic and anodic materials from used batteries from the (Ni-MH) type, by the use
of hydrometallurgical lixiviation and salts precipitation processes. Materials and Methods. A 3,7 kg batch of
this kind of batteries was manually dissembled and the cathodic and anodic materials were separated and chemically
analyzed. The materials were lixiviated with HCL at 14 %. The pregnant liquors, in each case, were subjected
to a precipitation process with NaHCO3
, obtaining salts from the metals of interest. Results.The anode mainly
contains nickel (50 % m/m), lanthanum (18 % m/m) and cobalt (6 % m/m) and the cathode mainly contains nickel
(53 % m/m), cobalt (4 % m/m) and zinc (3 % m/m). The HCL solution was able to lixiviate approximately 87 %
and 91% of Ni in the anodic and the cathodic materials, respectively. Finally, the process flowcharts are showed
in order to establish a hydrometallurgical process route for this type of technological waste. Conclusion. It is
possible to use a metallurgical process with several stages to value the metals contained in the electrode materials
from Ni-MH batteries, obtaining metallic salts that can be used in several industrial processes.
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Keywords
Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá, Baterías, Residuos peligrosos, Reciclaje, Metales pesados