Revista LASALLISTA de Investigación

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Composición nutricional de la leche de ganado vacuno
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2005) Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio; Bedoya Mejía, Oswaldo
The definition of milk is given by its origin, and refers to a normal product from the sane cattle s mammary glands, obtained by making one or more daily extractions, or milkings, made hygienically, completely and without interruptions. Milk provides basic nutrients in human feeding. The composition of milk is not stable during lactation and can be affected by internal and external factors concerning the animal, therefore affecting the quality of the product.
Control del crecimiento In Vitro sobre cepas Gram positivas y Gram negativas productoras de mastitis
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2009) Gutiérrez Ramírez, Luz Adriana; Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio
Introducción. La mastitis es una enfermedad causante de pérdidas, a nivel mundial, especialmente en las regiones con una producción lechera intensiva. Es producida por microorganismos que generan daños en la ubre, generando con el tiempo resistencia bacteriana a la acción de los antibióticos y produciendo infecciones reemergentes. Una solución a este problema es la utilización de cargas hipertónicas diferentes sobre los microorganismos que generan la mastitis. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de monosacáridos y disacáridos en los microorganismos causantes de la mastitis. Metodología. Se aisló Escherichia Coli y Staphylococcus Aureus de leches provenientes con vacas con mastitis del municipio de Santa Rosa de Osos, a estos se les midió su curva de crecimiento para identificar a qué horas llegaban a la fase estacionaria. La concentración de microorganismos para la evaluación con los respectivos azucares fue 106/ml inoculados en 9ml de los diferentes azucares a las diferentes concentraciones, su inhibición se determinó por espectrofotometría, a las 20 horas aproximadamente de incubación. Resultados. Staphylococcus Aureus es susceptible a la acción de azucares como sacarosa y glucosa, mientras que Escherichia Coli tiene un nivel de tolerancia más alta. Los análisis de varianzas de dos factores mostraron que existen diferencias significativas en cada uno de los tratamientos tanto para Escherichia Coli como para Staphylococcus Aureus. Conclusión. Se comprobó que los azucares como sacarosa y glucosa tienen un efecto bacteriostático sobre el crecimiento In vitro de Staphylococcus Aureus y Escherichia Coli en concentraciones superiores al 30% y 35% respectivamente.
Curvas de crecimiento de crías de vacuno levantadas en la Corporación Universitaria Lasallista
(2004) Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio
Introduction: One of the problems found in cattle exploitations is to typify the weighting of calves so they can be compared. To the moment, the most common practice in those exploitations is a lineal interpolation between two consecutive weightings, method that imposes severe restrictions concerning the period of time between weightings and determines the elimination of a great number of registrations. Objective: To make a graphic representation of the growth curves of four calves, in order to obtain the most appropriate equation for a better adjustment. Materials and methods: Four calves were monitored during 8 months (two Holstein cow calves, a Holstein bull calf and a mixed male bull calf, all of them born in close dates), the growth system used was bucket-stake. The males consumed milk until they were 85 days old and the females until they were 70, every day they were given 4 litters of milk-replacer: Processed cattle food was given to them until their fifth month, and in this period each animal consumed 12 kg for a daily media rate of 80 gr. When they were two months old, the bucket-stake system was changed to a rotatory cattle keeping system on Pennisetum clandestinum grass (kikuyu). Since their first month of life, they were given 10 kg of Arachis pintoi (forage peanut) not dehydrated, coming from the pruning of the garden keepers from the Corporación´s facilities. The data collection was made every week using a bovine metric tape. Results: A total number of 31 observations was obtained. The growth speed was higher in the bull calves, fact that can be explained by the higher consuming of milk replacer, because they had more access to it. The daily rate of weight gain was 589gr and 518 for the males and the females, respectively.
Curvas de crecimiento post-destete en el ganado Senepol de Colombia
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2013-09-24) Pineda, Sebastián; Díaz, Alejandro; Sepúlveda, Jeannie C.; Ramírez, Edison J.; Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando
Introduction. Senepol cattle, brought to Colombia in 2003, were spread nationally by embryo transfer and artificial insemination. Its high growth grade requires the use of statistical models to gather summary information in order to establish production, feeding and management strategies. Objective. To evaluate the growth of the economically important tissues (bone, muscleand fat). Materials and methods.Growth curves in Colombian Senepol cattle were analyzed from bovinemetric and ultrasound measurements, in real time, in 217 animals between 7 and 30 months of age. This work was performed in the 33 farms registered in the Colombian association of Senepol growers (Asociación Colombiana de Criadores de Senepol, ASOSENEPOL), located in 9 provinces. Information about living weight (PV), height to cross (AC), distance between ilium and ilium (II), distance between ilium and ischium (IIS), distance between ischium and ischium (ISIS), horacic perimeter (PT), body length (LC), loin eye area (AOL) and rump fat thickness (EGC) was gathered. Those variables were analyzed by the use of linear generalized models by sex, including the effects of the farm and the age of the animal (linear and quadratic effect). Results. For all of the variables analyzed, the effect of the farm was highly significant (p<0.01), and the linear and quadratic effect of the age was highly significant (p<0.01) on the weight and the thoracic perimeter of the females. The other variables had a significant linear effect (p<0.05). Conclusion.To describe the growth characteristics from weaning to 30 months of age, first degree polynomial models can be used for the variables PV, AOL, ECG, AC, I-I, I-IS, IS-IS, P T and L C in males and AC , I-I, I-IS, IS-IS in females, and a second degree polynomial model can be used to describe the PV and PT characteristics in females. It is evident that Senepol cattle can be considered as a race with an adequate growth in the Colombian tropical conditions.
Curvas de lactancia de cabras mestizas utilizando modelos matemáticos no lineales
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2009) Ángel Marín, Paula Andrea; Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio; Restrepo Betancur, Luis Fernando; Cañas Álvarez, Jhon Jacobo; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando
Introduction. Lactation curves in milk cattle are now an important tool to select female animals with high genetic values, allowing the increase and optimization of milk production in herds. Objective. To identify the best mathematical functions to explain the curves of milk production, time and peak production in goats with different hybridations, kept in an Antioquian sheepfold. Materials and methods. 865 milk weightings from 32 lactations that took place in 2007 were used. The milk came from hybrid goats, from different births. Four nonlinear mathematical models were evaluated and the significant curves percentage (P< 0.05), the Akaike and Bayesino´s criteria and the values of the determination quotient R2 were taken into account to select the best of those models. Results.Papajcsik and Bordero´s model was identified as the one that best adjusted the lactation curves in this population, with lower AIC and BIC values, a high significance of the model (P<0.001) and a convergence of 100% of the goats, regardless of the number of lactations. Besides, peak production was estimated (ymax) for female goats with 1, 2, 3 or more births, and it was 3.06 ± 0.966, 3.10 ± 0.875 and 3.36 ± 0.691 kg, respectively. Conclusion. Papajcsik and Bordero´s model allows the modeling of lactation curves in goats.
El búfalo como animal productor de carne: producción y mejoramiento genético
(2007) Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando; Hurtado Lugo, Alejandro
This article exposes the principles and foundations of the production and genetic parameters of the characteristics related to the growth of the buffalo species. At the same time, we describe works made all over the world concerning the characteristics of economic importance and the mathematic functions applied to animal growth. The studies consulted on the matter suggest that improvement programs can be implemented for better genetics in buffaloes, due to the wide genetic variation under which several populations of buffaloes have been classified. In Colombia there are not many studies made in order to estimate the production and genetic parameters of buffaloes. However, some recent suggest that this species have a great potential for its exploitation under the local conditions.
Establecimiento de un centro de reproducción de Pterophyllum Scalare (pez ángel o escalar)
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2005) Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio
Introduction: P. Scalare is a fish species with a great potential, given its beauty and number of varieties, facts that makes it be one of the most demanded in the market. Objective: Reproducting P. Scalare, determining the water’s physical and chemical parameters under which this species reproduces. Materials and methods: 20 fish were studied when they were approximately 3 months old, and they were put into a 122 litter’s tank. They were fed with dry food in flakes, provided twice a day, once n the morning and another time in the afternoon. A photo period of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness was kept. Every week the temperature, the pH index, the dissolved oxygen and the ammonium were measured. Results: The optimal parameters for the P. Scalare reproduction were: A temperature media of 29+/- 1° C, a pH of 7.5+/- 0.5 and the dissolved oxygen kept itself between 3-5mg/lt. Several behaviors of the parents with the eggs were observed, such as eating the eggs or protecting them. Conclusion: To achieve the reproduction of P. scalare in captivity is necessary to control the physical and chemical conditions of the water and feed them with a diet that fulfills all of their nutritional requirements.
Estimación de la curva de lactancia mediante modelos matemáticos lineales y no lineales en búfalas colombianas
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2008) Quintero Vélez, Juan Carlos; Serna Gallo, Jorge; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando; Hurtado Lugo, Naudin; Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio
Introduction.The lactation curve of mammals can be explained by mathematic functions which allow relating milk production of a female individual through time, taking into account her physiology throughout the lactation period. Objective. To identify the mathematic functions that can explain best the curve of milk production in a population of female buffalos from La Sierra, a village in the Puerto Nare town, Antioquia, Colombia. Materials and methods. 3850 lactations were used for the study, they were divided in groups according to their number and time of births the buffalos had. Nine mathematic models of lactation curves were used, both lineal and non-lineal. The selection criteria for choosing the best model were the highest percentage of significant curves and the media of the determination coefficient. Results. The model that best adjusted the lactation curve in female buffalos was that proposed by Papajcsik and Bordero, in 1988, which adjusted the curves in all the numbers of births with all the birth époques a 100%. Conclusion. The methodology to obtain the time at the peak of the production and the production at its maximum can be a useful tool for future works.
Sistemas de levante en crías de vacuno
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2004) Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio; Ochoa Doria, Oscar Pedro; Puerta Rico, Luís Fernando; Pineda Sánchez, David
In the farms dedicated to milk production, the bovine nursery is fundamental because it is the future of the dairy industry. All of the physiological and digestive aspects of the calves to fulfill their nutritional requirements and promote a fast development of the rumen-reticule complex. There are several breeding systems that can be implemented, from the simplest ones, in which the producer does not have specialized facilities, to the breeding of each animal in an individual corral. Each system has disadvantages and advantages from all of the technical and economical approaches. The quantity of milk provided to the suckling bovines depends on the implemented system and the programs in each farm. Preventive sanitation in any case is imprescindible to guarantee the best growth of the animals.
Usos y tendencias de las pruebas de desempeño y su aplicación en Colombia
(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2010) Bolívar Vergara, Diana María; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando; Ramírez Toro, Edison Julián; Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio
Las pruebas de desempeño (PD) son un importante componente de los programas de mejoramiento genético en ganadería de carne en muchos países. Aunque se realizan desde hace mucho tiempo, algunos cuestionamientos son hechos sobre su universalidad. Existe poca uniformidad en las metodologías que aplican las estaciones de prueba, con un amplio rango de prácticas alimenticias y de manejo. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo analizar la importancia de las PD en el mejoramiento genético. Se presentan los aspectos metodológicos a ser considerados, las características a evaluar, su análisis estadístico y su aplicación en Colombia. Dadas las condiciones en que se desarrollan los sistemas de producción de carne en Colombia, las pruebas de desempeño se presentan como una alternativa para iniciar el proceso de evaluación genética.

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