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Browsing Revistas científicas by Subject "Abono orgánico"
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Item Bioestimulación de suelo impactado con aceite residual automotriz y fitorremediación con Zea Mays(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Editorial Lasallista., 2016) Saucedo Martínez, Blanca Celeste; Márquez Benavides, Liliana; Sánchez Yáñez, Juan ManuelA soil contaminated with 45000 ppm of waste car oil (WCO) inhibits the mineralization of organic matter and the soil ́s fertility. An alternative solution is biostimulating it with an animal and/or vegetal fertilizer, then perform a phytoremediation with a grass that tolerates hydrocarbons, an inoculation with Burkholderia cepacia and Rhizobium etli and later decrease the WCO to a value below the maximum one accepted by NOM-138-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2012 (NOM-138), which is 4,400 ppm.Objectives i) The biostimulation of the soil impacted by 45.000 ppm of WCO with vermicompost and bovine compost at 3%; ii) phytoremediation by means of Zea mays inoculated with B. cepacia and R. etli to reduce the oil up to a value below that accepted by NOM-138.Materials and methods. The soil contaminated with 45.000 ppm of WCO was biostimulated by means of vermicompost and bovine compost at 3%. After the bioremediation and the phytostimulation of that soil, the initial and the final concentrations were determined by means of Soxhlet. In the phytoremediation, the phenology of Z. mayswas included: Plant ́s height and root ́s length. Also biomass: fresh aerial and radical weight, aerial and radical dry weight of Z . mays; The experimental data were analyzed by means of ANOVA Tukey.Results. The bioremediation of a soil contaminated with 45.000 ppm of WCO by means of vermicompost and bovine compost, reduced that contamination to 21.000 ppm; Then, the phytoremediation by means of mays and B . cepacia reduced it to 1,822 ppm, a value below the one permitted by NOM-138. Conclusion.The integration of bioremediation of a soil contaminated with 45,000 ppm of WCO by means of bovine compost and vermicompost, followed by phytoremediation by means of por Z. mays and B. cepacia,was more effective for the remediation than the individual application in the endeavor of achieving a WCO ́s final value below the one accepted by NOM-138.Item Efecto del pH sobre el crecimiento de microorganismos durante la etapa de maduración en pilas estáticas de compost(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2012-07-11) Castrillón Quintana, Olivia; Bedoya Mejía, Oswaldo; Montoya Martínez, Diana VictoriaIntroduction. The increase in the organic products demand has generated a higher consuming of composted materials, in order to increase the chemical and physical quality of the soils and guarantee better crops. Besides, laws are being created and implemented to rule the parameters for the organic manure production, processing and application in Colombia and worldwide. There are many reasons to control the process in a production plant: The smell, the standardization of properties to sanitize the final product and the compost quality. Objective. To evaluate the effect of the pH on the micro organisms growth in compostation systems under passive ventilation and no ventilation. Materials and Methods. The compostation process was made on the field with two piles which were taken to their maturation stage. The samples were collected and incubated in enriched BHI broth and with a pH adjusted to 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. 24 hours later they were seeded to count the bacteria, moulds and leavenings. Another sample was collected at a field pH and the microorganisms were counted. In the statistic evaluation, the SAS program was used. Results. The pH effect is significant in the growth of bacteria, moulds and leavenings. For the bacteria, the most influent pH was 5 for both piles. For the moulds and leavenings it was 9 for the ventilated piles. Conclusion. The results show the significant effect of pH on the growth of colony forming units of mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria, moulds and leavenings. This fact cannot be evaluated keeping away the others that intervene in the compostation, such as ventilation, temperature, humidity and kind of substrate used as raw material.Item Evaluación comparativa de los parámetros productivos y agronómicos del pasto kikuyo Pennisetum clandestinum bajo dos metodologías de fertilización(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2010) Echeverri Zuluaga, José Julián; Restrepo Betancur, Luis Fernando; Parra Suescún, Jaime EduardoIntroduction. Green forage production and its quality are some of the factors that determine the efficiency in the production and composition levels of milk in Antioquian intensive systems. Most common grass species is Kikuyo pennisetum Clandestinum, which can be found in 85% of specialized systems. This grass requires high chemical fertilization levels to achieve biomass productions enough to maintain the high loads they are submitted to by producers. Nitrogen fertilization, recommended for this kind of exploitations, moves between 50 and 70 Kg of nitrogen per hectare/grazing, and this means at least 400 Kg of nitrogen per year. The cost of fertilizers has obligated producers to look for strategies to reduce costs, using, among other options, organic matter as their compost source. Organic matter is important because of its impact on the soil’s structure and on some physical-chemical characteristics that help to a better use of the chemical fertilizer and finally increase the quality and the production of green forage. Objective. To determine the effect of the partial substitution of chemical fertilizers on the production of green forage and the leaf-stem relation in a farm located at the North of Antioquia. Materials and Methods. An experimental design in blocks randomized with three treatments was used, using as blocks 17 land plots in which the research was made. A minimum of three repetitions was made in every plot. The treatments were: 1) 50Kg of N/ha; 2) 25 Kg of N/ha plus 200Kg of organic fertilizar and 3) 25 Kg of N/ha plus 300Kg of organic fertilizer. Results. The statistic analysis was made by the use of the SAS GLM 9.0 version procedure. Conclusion. According to the analysis, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) between treatments for any of the evaluated characteristics, forage production per hectare and leaf:stem relation. This means that, under production and agronomic quality terms of the forage, the organic fertilizer replaced the chemical one, becoming a feasible alternative for fertilization in this kind of exploitations.Item Los residuos sólidos municipales como acondicionadores de suelos(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2004) Puerta Echeverri, Silvia MaríaThe compostation made from organic remains produced by municipals, can be a liability and cause damage when used as soil conditioners, because of the excess of inert materials, stinking emissions, high salinity levels, toxicity due to organic contaminants or heavy metals, immaturity of the process and the presence of pathogenic organisms. Given all this factors, it is necessary to evaluate all of the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of the process, keeping in mind the corresponding Colombian laws on the subject, which regulates the organic materials used as fertilizers and soil conditioners in Colombia: Colombian Technical norm 5167 and the resolution 00150 of January 21st of 2003, made by the Colombian Agro-Cultural Institute, ICA.Item Manejo y procesamiento de la gallinaza(2005) Estrada Pareja, Mónica MaríaIntensive poultry systems produce a big quantity of organic waste, like that from hens. When hen waste is used fresh, it causes environmental damage. Its handling and processing are not only alternatives to diminish the environmental damage mentioned above, but a way to make hen waste a really profitable product for poultry industrials.