Revista Producción + Limpia
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Browsing Revista Producción + Limpia by Subject "Aceite de palma"
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Item Arcillas activadas para el blanqueamiento del aceite de palma y remoción del colorante azul índigo carmín del agua(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Editorial Lasallista., 2019) Montaño Montoya, Diego Fernando; Rosero, Milton; Torres Palma, RicardoThe use of clays activatedby chemical modification for the adsorptionand removal of analytes in different matriceshas opened a great window in the investigationof their potentialities in different fields from those that have already been studied, due to their excellent capacity of cation exchange and their great physicochemical properties. In this work the application of natural montmorillonitetype clays (Mt-Na) activated by specificfunctionalizing agents is studied. Objective. Activate a Mt-Na type clay and use it in the bleaching process of crude palm oil, and for the removal of the indigo carmine dye used in the textile industry.Materials and methods. The clay was provided by the companyBentominercol S.A.S. (Líbano-Tolima). Crude palm oil was purchased from the Oleodavilapalm plant in the Tumaco region (Nariño).The chemical reagents used are of analyticalgrade. The modified clay was characterizedby X-rays, TGA thermal analysis, and FTIR infrared spectroscopy.Results. The bleachingof crude palm oil was achieved, obtaining a CB bleaching capacity of 96%. It was also used in the adsorption of the indigo carmine dye in a prepared water matrix contaminated with said dye, where the removal of up to 97% of said dye in water was achieved.Conclusions. Montmorillonite clays are a material that is easily modified or structurally functionalized,which allows obtaining new materials for technical and industrial application accordingto the results obtained in this study.Item Estudio del proceso de transesterificación para la obtención de biodiesel a partir del aceite de palma en un reactor por lotes(Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, 2013-10-26) Reategui Romero, Warren; Salas Barrera, Fernando JavierIntroduction. Theoretically, for producing three moles of ethyl-ester (biodiesel) there must be a reaction between one mole of triglyceride and three moles of ethyl alcohol, but this process is developed in three stages: considering the same stoichiometric relationship, in first place a fatty acid chain is separated from the triglyceride and is combined with the first mole of ethyl alcohol, forming an ethyl-ester mole and a diglyceride mole. Then, a fatty acid chain is separated from the diglyceride previously formed and is combined with the second mole of ethyl alcohol, forming an ethyl-ester molecule and a glycerine molecule, thus finishing the transesterification process. Objective. To study transesterification process in palm tree oil in order to obtain biodiesel in a batch reactor. Materials and methods. In order to perform the study aforementioned, a batch reactor with a volume control has been selected and a general equation of mass transfer has been applied. The equation was simplified taking into account certain considerations pertinent for the case. After the simplification, the equation was applied to every component that intervene in the transesterification process (mole balance for each component), obtaining a differential equations system (phenomena modeling) which was solved by following the finite differences method, thus obtaining the equations that relate concentration vs the time for ecah component. Results. The solution of the model is shown graphically, and the graphic clearly shows the concentration curves vs the time for each component. In these curves it can be observed the approximate time required by each chemical eactions to reach balance. Conclusion. By the use of the phenomenological modeling, a simplified form of the mass transference general equation was obtained for each component of the transesterification process in a batch reactor.